Trade Unions. Final Report on Industrial Relations

Introduction Print media has been the most powerful pathway for the transmission of fashion, fashion designs and other elements of the fashion industry. In fact, fashion magazines have been the key to the fashion industry (Stone, 2004). For several centuries, the fashion industry has increasingly taken the modern advantage of technological advancements in printing.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Trade Unions. Final Report on Industrial Relations specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In turn, technological advancements have turned the industry into a major consumer of print technology. Nevertheless, towards the end of the 20th century, the fashion industry made a major trend by incorporating the internet (Stone, 2004). Since 2000, the fashion industry has experienced the influence of internet revolution. Thousands of readers are migrating from print to online media. According to Kansara (2009a), readers are increasin gly getting access to the free and abundant information available online. Moreover, according to Kansara (2009b), advertisers are also pulling out of the printing industry. Advertisers are the main source of revenues in print magazines (Hill, 2004). Their migration from the print media (fashion magazines) to online magazines and blogs has left print magazines in a poor state. This state is actually forcing them out of business (Kansara 2009b). The situation worsened between 2008 and 2010 during the global economic crisis. For instance, major fashion companies were adversely affected by the crisis- major fashion and luxury titles declining significantly (Ovide Adams, 2009). According to Clifford (2009), renowned fashion publishers such as Conde Nast had their performances declining by 2009, a factor that worried many in the industry. In fact, Clifford (2009) asserts that the problem persuaded most people to evaluate the fashion industry within the context of migration from print to digital media. Since then, major printers have resolved to increase their efforts towards digitalizing their business, which, with no doubt, is killing the print media (Keen, 2008). Currently, many print magazines are still circulating every year. Nevertheless, the value, volume and significance of the printed materials in the fashion industry are reducing (Stone, 2004). Two important aspects of the digital world are worth discussion as a cause of the decline- the economics of print media versus digital media and the change of consumer preference from print media to digital media in the fashion industry. Therefore, the statement â€Å"print media is dead† seems to be true as far as the state of the migration is concerned.Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The fashion industry and media as a popular culture According to Storey (1997), a popular culture is simply defined as the culture that is widely appreciated and favoured or liked by many people and organizations. Storey asserts that such a quantitative index is the one that meets the approval of many parties. To provide an example, Storey argues that such objects as books, DVDs and CDs are part of a popular culture. Within the context of media and the fashion industry, the print magazine presents a popular culture because they have enjoyed a wide appreciation and approval of many people across the globe (Albertazzi Cobley 2010). In addition, fashion is a part of a culture that has been popular since ancient times. From Storey’s definition of popular culture, it is worth taking fashion media as a form of popular culture that has grown significantly with the development of media technologies since 1670s. How did the fashion media develop into a popular culture? To answer this question, it is necessary to review the presentation of fashion magazine and its historical context. According to Barker (2000), the first fashion magazine started in France in 1672, appearing under the title â€Å"Mercure Galant†. The magazine, which was printed in Paris, provided the public with information on the latest clothing styles. It quickly became popular throughout Western Europe. By 1677, Louis XIV authorised the publisher to produce the magazine on a monthly basis as a way of enlightening the minds of his cabinet (Kondratiev 2010). At first, the magazine presented fashions in the form of drawings. However, with increasing popularity of the media, the publisher started producing issues of â€Å"Mercure Galant† with photographic representations of fashions. In the 20th century, the magazine, together with others that had sprung up in the 19th and 20th centuries, used sophisticated print and photography innovations to deliver real presentations of fashion. The fashion media combined fashion and art. Later, the magazine included short articles written by artists. Therefor e, a new era of fashion was born. It became a popular culture in the western world. According to Bailey and Seock (2008), the most successful and long-lasting player in the fashion media is the â€Å"Vogue Magazine†, which was first printed in 1892 in the US. The magazine quickly gained popularity in the US and Europe because it had a high degree of duality. In fact, the Vogue delivered information on the latest trends in fashion. It combined fashion with art and photography (Bailey Seock 2008). After the Second World War, fashion media expended significantly due to changes in perceptions towards women and feminine priorities. In fact, fashion styles became more and more dynamic- the cycles of change from one fashion to another became a common phenomenon. Women became the main target- most of the magazines contained large volume of information on the latest and expected feminine fashions.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Trade Unions. Final Report on I ndustrial Relations specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Secondly, by 1960s, the magazines had started targeting young people, including teenagers. In fact, teenagers had a greater desire and purchasing power for fashions. In addition, they had their own styles. It was also during this era that numerous fashion magazines emerged and became popular in Europe and America, including the Elle, Cosmopolitan, Vogue, Marie Claire, Glamour, InStyle and Grazia. Characteristics of print fashion media as a popular culture According to Fiske (1989), a culture is the social circulation of pleasures, values and meanings to the process of forming social identities and relationships and the process of entering into the daily life. On the other hand, Fiske (1989) defines the term â€Å"popular† as ‘†¦statistically what is most renowned or appealing to most people or institutions’. Moreover, Fiske argues that â€Å"popular† serves the interest of the people. It is worth noting that the term â€Å"people† is used in reference to a shifting set of social positions and interests defined by their relations to the prominent society.  From these definitions, Fiske defines popular culture as a culture of conflicts and resistances that involve a struggle to make meanings, values and pleasures to those people without power. The conflict and opposition between the class of people with power and those without describe â€Å"popular culture†.  It is evident that fashion media is a form of popular culture for a number of reasons. For instance, fashion magazines are made for the purpose of advertisement, which ensures that the corporate (the class with power), connects with the consumers (those without power). It is also evident that fashion magazines develop a relationship between the two social groups. Conflicts and oppositions between people with power and those without it define this relationsh ip. For example, the consumers need to have adequate information on fashion trends and latest designs. They also want to know the future of clothing styles. On the other hand, the corporate want to â€Å"own† the mindsets of their consumers. They compete with each other over the control of their consumers. Using fashion magazines, the designers seek to control the readers and outdo their desire to know the future of clothing styles. The development of this system of relationships between the two sides has produced a popular culture that has become a part of the modern society. The wide range of fashion magazines that have emerged over the last century has become a part of the mass media, but they seek to convey information on fashions and fashion design. The definition of fashion media is not complete without a reference to fashion magazine because magazines have been the dominant feature in fashion communication.Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More According to Blackman (2006), fashion magazine is â€Å"the printed publication that seeks to provide information and news on the latest trends in fashion†. Noteworthy, the definition also refers to the publications that are issued monthly. It further incorporates advertisements, articles and information on such things as clothing, forecast on fashions, cosmetics and other accessories related to fashion. Another definition, given by Brian Moeran in his essay â€Å"More than just a fashion magazine†, sees fashion magazine as a sociologically interesting material with two aspects- cultural product and commodities (Moeran 2006). Fashion magazines tend to deliver information on experiential and models of behaviour that reflects the lives of the readers and their ideal self (Blackman 2006). As commodities, fashion magazines belong to the publishing world and are a popular advertising and sales medium. Modern aspects of the fashion media As described in the introduction part of the essay, the modern fashion media is a sophisticated industry that is currently experiencing tremendous changes that affect both the consumer and the publishers. Technological changes and the internet are the main factors that cause changes in the fashion media. The invention of the internet in 1990s and its presentation to the public was one of the major breakthroughs in the history of communication. The internet has given consumers the opportunity to break the geographical barrier and transform their relationships with remote individuals and communities. In the modern context, the idea is to perceive the world as a web of social, cultural, economic and political interconnections enhanced by technologies that facilitate timely delivery of information. Therefore, this is the philosophy behind the World Wide Web and digital communication. Information and data overload have resulted from the presence of a huge amount of information crated and used by consumers. It further define s the modern communication. In the fashion industry, the consumer of information has been one of the most affected groups after the invention of the internet. Modern consumer behaviour and its impact on fashion media The Web 2.0 is the rebirth of the internet technology as a social medium that allows free interaction between people and groups (Kansara 2009). It is no longer a one-way communication because it allows people to interact with each other and share information on various issues affecting communities and individuals. In fact, the modern aspect of the internet technology has allowed a consumer-generated content, which means that consumers share information and opinions regarding products, services, brands companies and other issues using social networks, websites and blogs. It has also enhanced a two-way communication between consumers and producers. Consumers are no left out of major decision-making processes in industries. In fashion media, the industry had set its busine ss model as a profit-maker through printing. Therefore, profits are a crucial element for the survival of the print magazine. Magazines must fetch and attract a large audience if they are to make profits. However, Web 2.0 has brought significant changes in this model. For instance, whereas the print magazines sought to â€Å"lock-in† customers by proving to be the product with the most useful information about fashion, the internet has facilitated the springing up of thousands of websites. Customers are free to visit these websites from their remote locations, which gives them the ability to make decisions when purchasing clothes. Secondly, bloggers in the fashion industry are not mere internet users, but fashion consumers with a high interest in fashion. In the modern context, bloggers attend fashion shows and post pictures, photos and video clips with information on the latest fashion and fashion trends. The Web 2.0 has produced a number of effects on the fashion industry d ue to the above-mentioned aspects. First, it has created and enhanced knowledge through information sharing. Considering the observation â€Å"knowledge is power†, it is clear that the internet has empowered consumers in the fashion industry. Consumers have taken the position of media professionals in the fashion industry by assuming the role of fashion journalists. This is a critical situation because even the print magazines have to develop their own websites in order to interact with consumers. On the other hand, they have to endure criticism and enjoy appraisal from the consumer and consumer groups. In the modern context, media companies without websites and interactive platforms to engage consumers in dialogue have little chances of succeeding because consumers have the freedom to visit other websites that allow dialogue and socialization. In fact, by just posting comments and suggestions on media websites, an armature becomes a professional. Consumers have assumed the r ole of fashion journalists, which gives them the power to examine publishers from all points of view. They gain the potential to publish both true and false information about companies. Publishers of fashion magazine must engage consumers in productive dialogue to avoid false information being posted on websites because it may destroy their reputations. Print media cannot provide such platforms. It relies on company websites. Therefore, this aspect is affecting print materials in the fashion industry. In addition, consumers are increasingly creating websites and blogs to expose their feelings and opinions about fashion, designs and the fashion industry in general. The amount of data available on the internet is impressively high. However, people tend to access this information and appreciate it with ease. Studies have shown that the internet-provided information is easily readable because it tends to be short and in the form of post messages. This means that the people’s abil ity to read information on print materials is on the decline. In the fashion industry, this is a critical factor because the phenomenon has reduced the audience of the print magazine because people are migrating to the digitalised information. Since print magazines provide readable messages with junk information, consumers are increasingly opting to go for blogs, websites and social networks because they can find the information they need in the form of short messages and with large visual content. Consumers tend to appreciate visual content (what they see) and shun written information (Schroeder 2004). Therefore, this factor is one of the issues that have contributed to the decline of the popularity of the printed fashion magazines. It is also worth noting that the fashion industry is concerned with consumer satisfaction. In fact, for a print media to improve its appreciation as a popular culture, it is necessary for it to retain its readers. For example, consumers who read a magaz ine for the first time are likely to return to reading the same product again or failing to return based on whether there was an element of consumer satisfaction (Telsa 2010). If a fashion magazine did not satisfy the reader, it is likely that the reader will not return to read that particular magazine. He or she may not consider reading any other magazine. The reader will look for an alternative source of information such as going for fashion exhibitions and shows. However, the internet-based fashion media has used this opportunity to capture and â€Å"lock-in† consumers. Since the internet supports multiple websites, blogs and social networks, a consumer who visits one of them is not likely to exit even if there is no satisfaction (Kansara 2009b). In fact, the consumer has the freedom to move from one site to another â€Å"with a click of a mouse†. The internet seems to be the best alternative for consumers who are dissatisfied with the information presented by fashi on magazines. However, the impact is that this aspect of the internet-based fashion media is the death of print media (Keen 2008). Another important aspect of the online fashion media is the frequency of updating fashion consumers and the public in general. Whereas the print fashion magazines are issued once per month, the internet-based fashion media provides instant updates on fashion and trends in fashion. In fact, bloggers and online fashion magazines tend to compete with each other. They are trying to outdo each other based on who provides the highest rate and frequency of updating their customers (Telsa 2010). Customers feel satisfied when they get instant updates. It eliminates the time needed to wait for the monthly updates.  Digitalization of publishers is an issue that is inevitable in practice and discussion. Printers are feeling the need to ensure that they find a better way of interacting with their audience and responding to their requests. Most of the requests made by consumers include the desire to get instant updates on the current trends and information (Telsa 2010). Obviously, the print media cannot provide instant updates. Therefore, a consumer will have to wait for the next issue of a fashion magazine. With the availability of large information and updates on the internet, consumers are compelled to migrate to the digital media. Although this is a positive development for both consumers and the industry, a factor has contributed to the decline of the print fashion media. In fact, the desire to get timely updates has resulted into the migration from the print media to the digital media witnessed since 2000. Combined with other factors, it can be said to be one of the causes of the death of print media. Financial crisis and the impact on print media In addition to consumer behaviour, the frequency of economic problems in the modern world has contributed to the decline of the print media in the fashion industry (Clifford 2009). According to Brook (2009), the 2008-2010 global economic crises affected the print media. For instance, the number of fashion magazines printed in 2009 decreased significantly. In addition, companies such as Vogue decided to increase the amount of information in their online publication due to the decreasing rate of reading in their print versions (Telsa 2010). In fact, it has been shown that some of the companies have decided to encourage online reading as a way of tackling the competition they face from independent bloggers, who have now assumed the role of fashion journalists (Clifford 2009). Conclusion In the fashion industry, print magazines have dominated the channels of fashion communication since 1670s. Therefore, print fashion magazines have become a popular culture in the world. However, the culture is experiencing technological changes. It is evident that the print media is slowly dying and its place taken by digital fashion media. A range of factors has contributed to the progressiv e death of print fashion media. For instance, the digital migration has been motivated by the recent economic crisis, the easiness of information searching and communication provided by the internet, the availability of a wide volume of information, bulkiness of print media and the recent economic crisis. References Albertazzi, D Cobley, P, 2010, â€Å"The Media: an Introduction†, Harlow: Pearson Bailey, LR Seock, YK, 2010, â€Å"The relationship of fashion leadership, fashion magazine content and loyalty tendency†, Journal of Fashion Marketing and Management, Vol. 14, No. 1, pp. 39-57. Barker, C, 2000, â€Å"Key concepts in cultural studies: Cultural Studies: Theory and Practice. London: Sage. Blackman, L, 2006, â€Å"Inventing the psychological: Lifestyle magazines and the fiction of autonomous self†, London: Routledge Brook, S, 2009, â€Å"Style magazine i-D to scale back to six issues a year† Accessed from http://www.guardian.co.uk/media/2009/may/1 3/id magazine-six-issuesyear Clifford, S, 2009, â€Å"Prominent Magazines Lose Weight, Shedding Nearly Half Their Ads†, The New York Times, January 4, 2009, Accessed from http://www.nytimes.com/2009/01/05/business/media/05adco.html, Fiske, J, 1989, â€Å"‘Understanding popular culture†, London: Routledge Hill, DD, 2004, â€Å"As Seen in Vogue: A century of American fashion in advertising†, Lubbock, TX: Texas Tech University Press Kansara, VA, 2009a, â€Å"Fashion 2.0: An Interactive Future for Fashion Magazines†, The business of fashion, Accessed from http://www.businessoffashion.com/2009/02/fashion-20-an-interactivefuture-for-fashion-magazines.html Kansara, VA, 2009b, â€Å"Future of fashion magazines, Part one- A changing landscape†, Accessed from http://www.businessoffashion.com/2009/07/future-of-fashion-magazines-part-one-achanging-landscape.html Keen, A, 2008, â€Å"The Cult of the Amateur: How blogs, MySpace, YouTube and the rest of to day’s user-generated media are killing our culture and economy†, Nicholas Brealey Publishing, London Kondratiev, M, 2010, â€Å"First-ever fashion magazine was made for men by men†, Accessed from www.pravda.ru, http://english.pravda.ru/society/stories/01-07-2010/114087-fashion_magazine-0/, Moeran, B, 2006b, â€Å"More than just a fashion magazine†, Current Sociology, vol. 54, no. 5, pp.725-744 Ovide, S Adams, R, 2009, â€Å"Magazine ads evaporated in 2008, faster as months went on†, The Wall Street Journal, January 15, 2009, Accessed from http://online.wsj.com/article/SB123197955715583579.html Schroeder, JE, 2004, â€Å"Visual consumption in the image economy†, London: Prentice Hall. Stone, E, 2004, â€Å"The dynamics of fashion†, New York: Fairchild Storey, J, 1997, â€Å"An introduction to cultural theory and popular culture†, London: Prentice Hall. Storey, J, 2000, â€Å"Cultural theory and popular culture: An Introductionà ¢â‚¬ , London: Prentice Hall. Telsa, L, 2010, â€Å"How the Internet is changing the fashion industry in 2010†, Accesed 21 July 2013 This report on Trade Unions. Final Report on Industrial Relations was written and submitted by user Tal1sman to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

The Impact Of Columbus On The Americas essays

The Impact Of Columbus On The Americas essays Christopher Columbus, (Christbal Coln), was originally believed to be the son of a Genoese weaver who grew up in poverty and rose to a position of honor in Renaissance society. Recent discoveries about Columbus's life lead us to believe that he was not Italian but rather from Barcelona, Spain. It is also believed that he was not the son of a weaver, but rather he was the illegitimate son of a Spanish aristocrat. This is a more reasonable explanation for how Columbus managed to marry Felipa Perestrello e Moniz, the daughter of a famous sea captain and one of the most influential families in all of Portugal, especially since marrying outside of your class was absolutely unheard-of (Source 1). Columbus's journeys to the Americas were undoubtedly a very important part of the America's history, however it is possible that Columbus had more of a negative than positive influence on the Americas. Columbus's initial journey brought him to the island of San Salvador. When he came to the shore he was greeted by what he called Indinos or Indians. He captured the Indians and decided that they were like children and that they could easily be converted to Christianity (Source 2). The Arawak Indians treated the Spanish as if they had some sort of divine power until the Spanish decided to steal gold and rape some of the tribeswomen. Columbus returned to Spain with five Indians and proposed more trips to convert heathens and find more gold. The Arawak decided to wage a war with the Spaniards. This war did not last long and the Arawak suffered a depressing defeat to the Spanish. This resulted in the enslavement of the remaining Arawak (Source 3). When Columbus returned to the A mericas he brought a fleet of 17 caravels (nearly eight times the people on the first voyage). This trend continued until many European nations were sending fleets of ships to establish colonies throughout the Americas (Source 4). ...

The Stanford Prison Experiment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The Stanford Prison Experiment - Essay Example Such a trend was mostly observed during the post war era, where researchers displayed a keen interest in deciphering human behaviour associated with the two traits mentioned above and understands the psychology of people who showed increased levels of conformity and obedience to their authorities. Such an observation was primarily based on the Nazi concentration camps and the likes, where despite the immorality of the acts, people were seen to be submissive and obeying the orders given to them (Kassin, Fein, Markus, 2010; Smith, Mackie, 2000; Fiske, 2009). Zimbardo’s Stanford Prison experiment: This experiment was conducted to study the psychological impact of prison life on the prisoners. As a part of this experiment, regular students were selected to perform the roles of prison guards and prisoners and were made to go through the exact same routines, as is usually observed in prisons. Newspaper advertisements were formally given out to invite ‘participants’ to p articipate in the experiment, and those who responded were ‘arrested’ without a prior warning and made to go through a thorough physical examination, similar to one carried out on real criminals. Such sudden and unexpected ‘arrests’ of the regular college going students, took them by surprise and the students were reported to experience mild shock, and humiliation due to the whole exercise (prisonexp.org, 2011). The experiment was deliberately designed to imitate the scenes from real prisons and steps were taken to disgrace the prisoners, thus resulting in a series of negative social, emotional, and psychological repercussions. The study, unlike other experiments followed all the major ethical considerations, and did not involve any kind of deception or tricks, it received widespread criticism for the unethical nature of the study. This was mainly because of reports of the participants being made to go through extreme social, psychological and emotional tur moil and the fact that they were deliberately exposed to situations involving high amount of stress. The proponents have argued that the experiment conducted were ethical in nature, since the participants were clearly informed about the type of study they have enrolled in. However, the opponents and critics have stated that the information provided to the participants was incomplete in nature, as their consent was taken based on insufficient data. The participants of this study were arrested without a prior warning or information which was least expected leading to stress and emotional turmoil (Shaugnessy et al., 2006). There were widespread criticisms regarding the authenticity and validity of the experiments conducted, especially with regard to the manner in which the study was replicated. It was argued that there is no way to replicate a real prison and hence highly impossible to extract similar reactions from ordinary individuals, since there is a vast amount of difference betwe en regular college going students and hardened criminals. Over and above the questions regarding the plausibility of the study, there were serious concerns regarding the credibility of the study as well, since critics argued that the study was highly generalized in nature and the observations could easily have been made by observing / studying the prisoners from Nazi concentration camps. Also, the study aimed to completely imitate the behaviour of prisoners from popular prison scenes and hence there was a

Developing a Conservation Plan for Pinery Park in Ontario, Canada Essay

Developing a Conservation Plan for Pinery Park in Ontario, Canada - Essay Example The management plan of the park should consider the region that surround the park in general. The overall effort of the management will be of future benefit to the parks and the surrounding environment as a whole. Proper management of the park will highly contribute to the increase in the social tact among the local programs. The realization of conservation goals for Pinery Park requires strategic plans for easier management of the whole landscape that includes the areas that are set aside for either production or protection. Reserves alone are not sufficient for life conservation but they are the real basis mostly on which national plans are constructed on. Reserves have two main roles. They should be the real sample or either they should represent the biodiversity of every section. On the other hand they should detach this biodiversity from any of the processes that intimidate its diligence. Existing reserve systems like the PINERY Park contains prejudiced sample of biodiversity, u sually that of remote places and other areas that are unsuitable for viable activities. A more systematic approach to locating and designing reserves has been evolving and this approach will need to be implemented if a large proportion of today's biodiversity is to exist in a future of increasing numbers of people and their demands on natural resources. The extent to which the park will achieve and fulfill its goals is when they meet two main objectives that will lead them to their success the objectives are a long-lasting goal and representativeness these are the two main keys that are needed for full variety of biodiversity. The Pinery park management needs to set 1.2million dollars. The money should be allocated to a control program that will see different species in the park that require different amounts of space to complete their life cycle. A finding of the most reserves in the world clearly indicates that most of the worlds well known reserves contain very rear species. that would not persevere as inhabitants even for a single generation if in any case or to some extent they became secluded like for the oak tree that is found in the park. This tree is not found in most parts of the world the demand of the products is endangering the species making it rear in the forests. Many other reserves, without supplementation by unreserved habitat, would be likely to lose species in the long term through a variety of chance events. Thus, the long-term persistence of some taxa requires sustainable populations across entire landscapes or regions as predicted. Many species exploit chronological dissimilarity by moving between dissimilar habitats, requiring targets to distinguish key habitat combinations where these can be identified. The focal species approach attempts to amalgamate patterns and processes by identifying those species in a landscape that are most demanding of resources and then targeting them for organization. The kinds of resources needed by crucial species may be, for example, big areas, connectivity flanked by environment patches and multifaceted assorted habitats. However the other confronts that the park need to look at is the protection of river Ausable. The area around the river is currently being occupied slowly making the shows to deteriorating since the occupants are using the land for housing. This river is the

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Project Part #2 - Coursework Example The enthusiastic employees who are ready to get involve with the programme will be further motivated through explaining the positive outcome of the programme. Once they are motivated, they can make the other employees understand the benefits of the programme. As per the human psychology, employees are more relax and comfortable conversing with their colleagues in comparison to their supervisors or boss. Even before starting of this programme, I will allow the employees to have few informal sessions among them in my absence. Apart from this, I will conduct a session where a few real life success stories of this programme will be discussed along with the positive changes that might actually happen with them. I have a strong belief that this session will be fruitful and a positive response from the employees can be noticed in due course of time. Wellness programmes always have major impact on the employees. It not only enables the employees to increase their productivity but also it helps to make them happier and healthier. Even disease prevalence rate will also get lower. Through this programme, the extrinsic motivation will change into the intrinsic motivation and thus employee’s self perceived quality of life and quality of health will also experience change. Basically intrinsic motivation creates win-win situation for both the employees and the organisation and that can be possible through the activity that can provide intrinsic benefits to the employees. Wellness programme make the employees self motivated and they want to do the job by their own and not by force. It will lower the medical cost; employees can become stress free, gain physical fitness, increase stamina and improved mental health. All these factors enable the employees to lead a better work life. Also, these intrinsic benefits have an impact on th e productivity of the employees which will further lead to various rewards and incentives that can be clubbed under the category of extrinsic benefits

The Tourism Industry In Sri Lanka Tourism Essay

The Tourism Industry In Sri Lanka Tourism Essay This report contains the results of the investigation which is done to find out how the new born peace will affect the tourism industry of Sri Lanka after defeating the LTTE leader Brabhakaran and washing out terrorism from Sri Lanka. The main areas used for the investigation are, The problems occurred in Sri Lankan tourism industry due to war. Under this area, this investigation is carried over the major problems which Sri Lankan tourism industry faced because of the war. This is mainly carried out through secondary data such as news paper articles, other articles from the websites and report published by Sri Lankan tourism development Authority. Some of the facts were gathered through the questionnaire given to the director of the Sri Lankan tourist Board, London. Affects of new born peace to Investors Under this factor the investigation runs towards the new opportunities which investors will have in the future after the war and what will be the incentives and advantages of investing in those areas. This is also mainly done through the secondary data such as newspaper articles, brochures and reports published by the Sri Lankan tourism development authority, websites. Tourists The research carried over to find out what will happen to the number of tourist arrivals in future after the war. What are the new facilities will offer by Sri Lankan tourism industry, what will be the attracting destinations developed and how will the government help in developing tourism industry. Mainly this is carried out by primary data which is collected through the questionnaire and others were gathered from the secondary data. Social life and local people In this research is on the changes, that will happen on social life and the local people with the new born peace and its affects on tourism. These information were gathered by using both primary and secondary data. Areas and regions Here the investigation is on the tourist areas which will affect the new born peace. The report contains the new developments of tourist areas will be done in Sri Lanka. The research is done using secondary data such as websites. PEST analysis SWOT analysis This research carried a PEST analysis and a Swot Analysis in order to find out how the political, economical, social and technological environments will change or adjust according to the peace affected tourism. Also an analysis for SWOT to find out the strengths opportunities that will strengthen the growth of the tourism industry and weaknesses threats which will weaken the growth of the tourism industry. For this both primary and secondary data have been used. Specially the report publishes by Sri Lanka tourism development authority. Sri Lankan tourism industry will grow in future with the developments and growth in investments, tourists, areas and regions and local people in this peaceful environment. Finally Sri Lanka will create a golden period for the tourism industry in the new born peace. INTRODUCTION Sri Lanka is a country famous for hospitality, tourism and well being people from the past. Once Marco Polo has told in 1293 A.D., this for its actual size, is better circumstanced than any other island in the world. The island produces more beautiful and valuable rubies than found in any other place in the world. In this island there is a very high mountains where the tomb of Adam, our first parent, is supposed to be found. (Ref:http://www.traveldailynews.com/pages/show_page/31677-Sri-Lanka-TourismQuo-vadis- ) But since from the near past (1980s) Sri Lankan tourism industry dropped step by step, as LTTEs started their terrorism mainly from the North part of Sri Lanka and spread to East and other parts of the country later on. Fortunately now Sri Lanka is free from terrorism after about 3 decades. Therefore the country is safe to roam from North to South East to West without any double thoughts. This situation has affected on tourism industry in a positive manner. Now the tourism industry is blooming again slowly within the new born peace and has become a cause to change the Sri Lankan Economy, Political view, social life on tourism and many more. Therefore this report has investigated on How the new born peace will affect the tourism industry in Sri Lanka. This report contains, The problems occurred in Sri Lankan tourism industry due to war. The affects of new born peace to Investors in tourism industry Tourists Areas and Regions Social life of local people The opportunities due the new born peace a). PEST b). SWOT METHODOLOGY This research is done by gathering information from both primary data and secondary data. Primary Data I have used an interview and a questionnaire as the primary data in finding information for the research. Secondary data I have used mainly the latest report (National Strategy for Sri Lanka Tourism) published by Sri Lanka Tourism Development Authority and broachers, magazines news paper articles, websites as the secondary data. THE PROBLEMS OCCURED IN SRI LANKAN TOURISM INDUSTRY DUE TO WAR Sri Lanka experienced a vastly fluctuating tourism during the past decades. (Ref: http://www.traveldailynews.com/pages/show_page/31677-Sri-Lanka-TourismQuo-vadis- ) As per the World Tourism Organisation figures, tourist arrivals has increased in Asian countries for the past decade. (Ref: http://www.traveldailynews.com/pages/show_page/31677-Sri-Lanka-TourismQuo-vadis- ) But Sri Lanka has dropped tourist arrivals. (Ref: Central Bank of Sri Lanka) While all the other foreign exchange earning sectors have increased their earnings, tourism has decreased though it is the fourth largest foreign exchange earning sector. (Ref: http://www.traveldailynews.com/pages/show_page/31677-Sri-Lanka-TourismQuo-vadis- ) Bombing in buses and tourist destinations caused a huge draw back in tourist arrivals. Even though Sri Lankan tourist board offers them worth packages they didnt want to visit Sri Lanka because of the safety reason. (Ref: http://ipsnews.net/news.asp?idnews=47983 ) Bad press releases during the war time, both internally and internationally affected vastly tourists decisions on Sri Lanka. Some were distributed only to get political gains and some were to draw a bad picture on tourists mind about Sri Lanka and get advantages. Higher insurance covers had prompted tourists to see elsewhere. Insurance covers were high because of the high risk level of security within the country. (Ref: National Strategy for Sri Lankan Tourism- page no: 15) Good employees of tourism industry have gone to other countries due to poor salaries and lack of opportunities among the industry. Lack of government support in promoting the industry according to the changes in the market. AFFECTS OF NEW BORN PEACE TO INVESTORS During the past 3 decades investors for tourism industry were locked within the Southern Middle part of the country. But now they have the opportunity to invest in all over the country as they wish. Especially in North East regions which has most famous places to visit such as most beautiful beaches, temples, etc. with the end of war, tourist arrivals may increase. Therefore the government and the private sector has to be ready to welcome them with good accommodation facilities, infrastructure, transportation facilities, and many more. For that investors can invest in the new environment which is more favourable to them. Some of the favourable are, Cost of doing business has reduced due to the end of war. Freight rates, insurance, and other financial issues which added a huge cost for business has now decreased. Therefore investors can get more profits over their investments. (Ref: http://sundaytimes.lk/090628/FinancialTimes/ft335.html ) Political stability is growing especially in areas of North East. This leads to stability in policies and rules. Therefore investors can invest in long-term projects. (Ref: http://sundaytimes.lk/090628/FinancialTimes/FT335.html ) The government of Sri Lanka has started providing infrastructure such as roads, power, and ports. This also again reduce investors costs in investing. (Ref: http://sundaytimes.lk/090628/FinancialTimes/ft335.html) Stock market has climbed over 96% in 2009 which is the winning year of the war. Itll be more profitable in investing stock market in future. (Ref: http://www.srilankaequity.com/2009/12/sri-lanka-back-on-investment-radar.html ) Interest Rates and Inflation rate are coming down. The Sri Lankan government has reduced their lending rates and has asked the private sector to reduce their lending rates. This is a very usefull and profitable information who wishes to borrow fund in Sri Lanka. (Ref: http://www.srilankaequity.com/2009/12/sri-lanka-back-on-investment-radar.html ) The end of war has cleared new paths for new investment opportunities across real estate, healthcare, plantation, and infrastructure. Especially in North and East regions for about 3 decades there were no opportunities for any industry to do their work freely. What was there is only war. Therefore there are opportunities for hospitals and other healthcare facilities, plantation as this region has the most rich lands and infrastructure as all the infrastructures have been destroyed during war season. These are indirectly interconnected to tourism industry. Because tourism industry is a industry which depends on other industries other than the destinations. (Ref: http://www.srilankaequity.com/2009/12/sri-lanka-back-on-investment-radar.html ) Cheap labour Investors can have cheap labour in to their businesses ass the unemployment is more in North and East. New tourist destinations. There are new and marvellous locations and places in North and East which were not allowed to visit for about three decades. These places will be more tourist attracting destinations in future. And also the ruined buildings and places due to war will be attracting sceneries for both local and foreign tourists. As the Northern and Eastern areas were banned for visitors during the war period, both local people and foreign people are willing to visit these places. Therefore the arrivals of visitors for the North and East will be more and this will lead investors to earn more from those areas by investing in accommodation facilities, infrastructure, transportation, sports activities and leisure activities. Sri Lankan government is looking for Middle eastern investors to develop the resorts as a preparation for the boost in tourism industry. (Ref: http://www.arabianbusiness.com/554986-sri-lanka-tourism-eyes-mideast-investors ) MSME will have more opportunities to develop their business with growth in tourism. There will be more ports other than Colombo to use. They are the Trincomalee port and The Hambantota port. Earlier these ports were used only for military activities but now they are open for common activities. FOR TOURISTS New born peace has given a new life for both domestic and international tourists. Specially Northern and Eastern areas are the most attracting areas of tourists these days because of the unseen destinations such as temples, beaches, ruins, etc. Also the current favourable security level has given tourists a boom. Here are some more tips for the change in tourists behaviour. New unseen locations. Tourists, both local and foreign can experience world famous and beautiful locations which are not polluted or crowded. Especially the Eastern sea and Nilavelli beach are the most attracting areas in the Eastern region. Other attracting things are whale spotting, fishing, water sports, sea rafting. Also the locations with historical value and religious value, especially in Northern area, such as Nagadeepa, Jaffna library, ruins of war, etc. Not only in North East, tourists can visit other places such as Anuradapura, Polonnaruwa, Mohinthale, Sigiriya, Sinharaja rain forest, National Parks, hill-country which is famous as little England, etc. Safety Now Sri Lanka is free from bombs, suicide bombers, and terrorism. Therefore people can visit anywhere in the country without fearing about safety from LTTE activities. This was the main reason which reduced more and more tourist arrivals. But now it is fully solved. So tourists have the opportunity to explore Sri Lanka without fear. Proper Facilities The Sri Lankan government and the private sector is building infrastructure fast to provide proper facilities for tourists such as roads, power and ports. (Ref: http://sundaytimes.lk/090628/FinancialTimes/ft335.html) Also proper places for accommodation and other facilities are building up so that the tourists may feel that they are at home. More leisure and sports activities Sri Lankan sea is famous for sports activities. And now tourists have more opportunities in Eastern Sea. Because Eastern sea is known as a sea which is very calm and good for sports activities such as rafting, whale spotting. Also Sri Lanka has a unchanging whether throughout the year. Therefore tourists can come and enjoy whenever they have leisure time. Stable political environment As now Sri Lanka is bit stable in their political status due to the end of war. Therefore policies and rules in tourism especially rules in arriving will be stable. So that itll be very easy for tourists while visiting Sri Lanka especially on Visas. And there will be less political violence among the country which will create a peaceful environment for tourists. New resorts for both local and foreign tourists especially in Nothern and Eastern areas. Also in other areas as the investors are interested in investing tourism sector. Example: Kuchchaveli resort Passikudah resort Sri Lanka is not famous only for leisure tourists but also for pilgrims. Therefore Pilgrim rests are building in order to provide proper facilities especially for domestic tourists. (Ref: National Strategy For Sri Lankan Tourism- page no 61) More facilities for business tourists. Sri Lanka was famous for MICE activities in the past. But it dropped due to the poor security. Now again MICE activities are booming in Sri Lanka with the new born peace. Therefore the government is looking to provide better facilities for businessmen who come to Sri Lanka for MICE activities. Tourists will be able to arrive Sri Lanka not only by air but also by cruise ships as now Sri Lanka has 2 more ports. Trincomalee port and Hambantota port are the two new ports which has started work after war. TO AREAS AND REGIONS After the war especially the Northern and Eastern regions have started to develop fast. Also the other areas of the country are developing faster as the governments military cost has reduced. This helps in developing tourism industry. For examples, The local areas are developing as the government has already started developing infrastructure in North and East regions. (Ref: http://sundaytimes.lk/090628/FinancialTimes/ft335.html) Kuchchaveli Resort This is a area about 500 acres in Trincomalee district which is inbetween the North Nilaweli beach and Kuchchaveli village. This resort contains hotels, other facilities regarding accommodation, land and water based sports and a theme park. This will help in attracting more tourists in future. (Ref: http://www.sltda.lk/eastern_region_development ) Passikudah project SLTDA has planned to restart the Passikudah resort project which was planned to start in 1983 and stopped due to war. This resort is located by the Passikudah bay and contains 500 rooms in about 150 acres. This project will also generate high tourist arrivals. (Ref: http://www.sltda.lk/passikudah_project ) Trincomalee and Hambantota ports will be busy with commercial ships and cruise ships with visitors and goods. TO SOCIAL LIFE AND LOCAL PEOPLE Peace has changed the social lives of people especially in the parts where fighting were there. Those people did not know anything about outside apart from those areas which they live. But now the situation is changed. People are free to open up to the world. Many have started to work with the tourism industry because of the huge number of tourists arrivals. People from other parts of the country are also free to live their lives without the fear of terrorism. They are more common in North and East as domestic tourists. because they were not allowed to visit those places for about 3 decades and the people from North and East are free to visit other South part of Sri Lanka after 3 decades. Here are some of the affect of the end of war to the social life and local people from the view point of tourism. Political stability is growing. so that people are able to stay wherever they want to stay and they are free to visit wherever they want. Also the rules and policies of regarding business will remain same. Therefore local people can start small scale businesses such as small hotels, guest houses, rent three-wheelers, batik, etc. especially in tourist areas. (Ref: http://sundaytimes.lk/090628/FinancialTimes/ft335.html) Government has started to work with infrastructure especially in North and East areas. Therefore its be easy and fast to develop tourist oriented businesses as well as other businesses in those areas. (Ref: http://sundaytimes.lk/090628/FinancialTimes/ft335.html) Interest rates and inflation is decreasing. So that people may borrow money and invest in their businesses and build their damaged properties. And this will create a beautiful eye-catching areas for tourists. also the prices of goods will decrease due to lower inflation and it will create wealth among people. (Ref: http://www.srilankaequity.com/2009/12/sri-lanka-back-on-investment-radar.html ) There will be more employment opportunities with the incensement in tourist arrivals and other tourism activities in all over the country. People will have more money with them so that they will be motivated to visit places and go for day outs, picnics and trips. More fishing opportunities in North and East. Tourism police will have to be expanded to stop drug trafficking, prostitution and abuse of children with the full support of the courts, local people and politicians as the tourism industry grows. Guides, lecturers, drivers, three-wheeler entrepreneurs, will get more opportunities especially in North East as well as the other parts of Sri Lanka due to growth in tourist arrivals. Also owners of small guesthouses with one or two rooms, small hotels, restaurants, bar, tea boutiques will have a increase in their income. Arts crafts, spice gardens, batik, woodwork centres, wellness centre also will increase their sales. PEST ANALYSIS POLITICAL FACTORS Political environment has changed after the war in order to develop tourism industry. The government supports by conducting investment symposium such as BizPact invest in Sri Lanka which was held in June 2009 to attract new investments. (Ref: http://sundaytimes.lk/090628/FinancialTimes/ft335.html) Political stability is growing specially in North and East regions after the war. (Ref: http://sundaytimes.lk/090628/FinancialTimes/ft335.html) Government is aiming to welcome 700,000 to 750,000 visitors by 2011 through visit Sri Lanka programme. (Ref: http://www.srilankaequity.com/2009/12/sri-lanka-back-on-investment-radar.html ) Government is looking for Middle Eastern investors to develop the resorts after the war. (Ref: http://www.arabianbusiness.com/554986-sri-lanka-tourism-eyes-mideast-investors ) Reorganised the tourist board and ministry in order to deliver a good service. (Ref: National Strategy for Sri Lankan Tourism- page no: 04) Develop a 4 year strategic plan for tourism for the period of 2009-2012. (Ref: National Strategy for Sri Lankan Tourism- page no: 04) The Ministry, in partnership with the provincial council are creating a series of recommended one day tours especially for domestic tourists (Ref: National Strategy for Sri Lankan Tourism- page no: 62) ECONOMICAL FACTORS Sri Lankan economy has changed vastly with the new opportunities occurred with the new peace after the war. Following are the factors which will affect Sri Lankan tourism as a result of ending war. Doing business in Sri Lanka is more economical because the cost has reduced due to reductions in fright rates, insurance and other financial issues. (Ref: http://sundaytimes.lk/090628/FinancialTimes/ft335.html ) Stock market has increased over 96% in 2009 after war. (Ref: http://www.srilankaequity.com/2009/12/sri-lanka-back-on-investment-radar.html ) Inflation and interest rates are coming down. (Ref: http://www.srilankaequity.com/2009/12/sri-lanka-back-on-investment-radar.html ) The North East will contribute heavily to GDP growth in the country. (Ref: http://srilankatoday.com/content/view/2586/52/ ) People will have more money with them. Commercial ships can come to new ports such as Trincomalee and Hambantota other than Colombo. Trincomalee port is in the East and Hambantota is in South. Therefore the country is available with 3 main ports around the country. MICE trade will grow with the peaceful environment. Earlier MICE industry experienced cancellations a sharp fall in arrivals due to the security issues such as suicide bombing. (Ref: National Strategy for Sri Lankan Tourism- page no: 55) SOCIAL FACTORS The new born peace has changed the lifestyles, consumer trends, ethics and religious factors and many more with the affects of tourism industry. Addition of North and East provinces to the tourism industry will boost employment opportunities as well as the developments in other part of the country will also introduce more employment opportunities. All the development activities are done by taking care of the community, environment, culture and heritage especially in tourism and hospitality industry. Northern Eastern people get fishing opportunities and also people from other areas can come to these areas for fishing. Tourism police has to be expanded to stop drug tracking, prostitution and child abusing with the development of the tourism industry. People who own small guesthouses, small hotels, restaurants, bar, tea boutiques will be able to earn more. Also people who do arts and crafts, spice gardens, batik shops, woodwork will be able to earn more with the increased number of tourists. Guides, lecturers, drivers, three-wheeler entrepreneurs will have a higher demand. TECHNOLOGICAL FACTORS Especially the Northern and Eastern areas have started to develop technologically after the war. This has made a great issue for the development in tourism industry because many foreign tourists are from developed countries such as UK, Spain, Germany, Australia, etc. and they will be more satisfied if they have the modern technology to use while they are visiting the beauty of Sri Lanka. Mobile telecommunication industry will also boom due to the addition of North and East to the tourism industry. Travel sources such as coaches, trains, cars, taxies have to be developed to provide quality services. Working towards improving websites and online marketing (Ref: National Strategy for Sri Lankan Tourism- page no: 56) Developing internal flights from Colombo to Jaffna with new facilities. Vavuniya-jaffna rail track has started constructions. This will be a great source to increase the number of local visitors from South to North. (Ref: http://srilankatoday.com/content/view/4416/52 ) SWOT ANALYSIS STRENGTHS Cost of doing business in Sri Lanka has reduced due to decreases in freight rates, insurance and other financial issues. (Ref: http://sundaytimes.lk/090628/FinancialTimes/ft335.html ) Political stability is growing especially in North and East regions. Therefore it will be more advantages doing business in Sri Lanka. (Ref: http://sundaytimes.lk/090628/FinancialTimes/ft335.html ) Stock market has rosed over 96% in 2009 just after the war. And it will keep climbing because of the new opportunities for business. Such as tourism and hospitality industry. (Ref: http://www.srilankaequity.com/2009/12/sri-lanka-back-on-investment-radar.html ) The entire North and east provinces will join in to the tourism industry with their values, destinations, and beauty. Addition of Trincomalee port to Sri Lankan shipping network will boost huge business visitors and employment opportunities. Worlds finest beaches for surfing, whale spotting, water sports, coastal fishing and coral reefs are now with the Sri Lanka. Earlier half of these beaches were not in a position to offer tourists. but now Sri Lanka has a treasure which many countries does not have. (Ref: National Strategy for Sri Lankan Tourism- page no: 12) 4 year strategic plan for tourism from 2009-20012 which has developed 10 strategies and 8 objectives to provide a better service for tourists and tourism industry. Strategic Targets: To build a more diverse product range. To make Sri Lanka more accessible. To attract 1.5 million tourist arrivals per annum. To increase yield per tourist from US$ 80 to US$ 130 per day. To create an additional 7,000 rooms by 2016 with the right conditions. To further develop the East and North-West with the development of existing sites and cities. (resorts and new resorts) To help traditional markets grow and open up new markets. To exceed world-class service levels and hospitality. To increase domestic tourism. To help MSME sector grow. Objectives: Short-term programme Take immediate action to increase visitors, manage cost and improve services. Marketing and Communications Help the world to discover Sri Lanka through rebranding, communication and marketing. Services and Hospitality Improve the quality and scope of visitors experiences. Training Development Keep changing the Sri Lankan tourism according to world tourism through professional training. MICE Make Sri Lanka a preferred venue for MICE. Domestic Tourism Improve and expand domestic tourism. Grow the MSME sector. 10 year plan A plan which will place Sri Lanka as a highly desired experiential quality destination. For the buddhist pilgrims both domestic and international, specially there are Anuradhapura, Polonnaruwa to worship which were not a safe area at the past due to war. Also Nagadeepa which is famous as a place where Lord Buddha was teaching. For Christian pilgrims there is the Madhu church which is very famous for miracles. Sri Lanka has 14 national parks with fauna and flora which are now available to offer for tourists. Able to offer one of the worlds finest fishing grounds, in the coast of the Jaffna peninsula. This creates more domestic visitors and more employment opportunities. Business travellers can get the perfect work environment with post meeting relaxation including yoga, massage and other treatments. Most of the hotels have these facilities in their separated areas or rooms as a adjustment for the tourist expectations and a way of attract tourists to their hotels again and again. Sri Lanka has More products to offer than the past. Such as more sports activities, leisure activities, expanded destinations, etc. Cruise ships are also welcome to the Sri Lankans new port Trincomalee and Hambantota port. So that tourists who wish travel by sea can visit Sri Lanka while getting experience of sea travelling (sailing) (Ref: National Strategy for Sri Lankan Tourism- page no: 21) Sri Lanka aims to promote old festivals with a new look such as Ramayana trail. (Ref: National Strategy for Sri Lankan Tourism- page no: 28) WEAKNESSES Lack of Tamil speaking officers to work in Northern Eastern provinces. Lack of Inspection on child sex and prostitution. Still there are undiscovered destinations in the country. Which will attract more tourists to the country. Lack of integration between agencies. Anyone who wishes to invest in tourism in Sri Lanka has to obtain permission from a number of agencies including numerous ministries, local authorities Government agents. (Ref: National Strategy for Sri Lanka Tourism- page no: 15) Lack of Infrastructure When a traveller has undertaken an exhausting 12 hour flight, they need a future 5-6 hour. Drive along poor quality roads to reach their hotel or destination. And when they reach they may get poor quality rooms. Older Cars, Taxis, mini buses and coaches minimise the standards. OPPORTUNITIES There are new investment opportunities in real estate, healthcare, plantations infrastructure sector as core-sectors in tourism industry. (Ref: http://www.srilankaequity.com/2009/12/sri-lanka-back-on-invesment-radar.html ) Kuchchaveli Resort will be a grate place to spend leisure time for both local foreign tourists which contains hotels, land water based sports and a theme park. (Ref: http://www.sltda.lk/eastern_region_development ) Passikudah resort is Another new resort which is located by the Passikudah bay it contains 500 rooms in about 150 acres. (Ref: http://www.sltda.lk/passikudah_project ) Small Miracle , is the Sri Lankan new tourism brand. This has been tested in all the key markets and has shown good results. (Ref: http://sundaytimes.lk/090628/FinancialTimes/ft328.html ) Sri Lankan government is looking for Middle Eastern to develop the resorts as a preparation for boost in tourism after the war. (Ref:http://www.arabianbusiness.com/554986-sri-lanka-tourism-eyes-mideast-investors ) Opportunities to expand the industry to new markets and to develop the nature, culture and adventure products through new Beaches Beyond strategy. (Ref: National Strategy for Sri Lanka Tourism) Cruise ships and commercial ships can come in greater numbers to new Trincomalee port beyond Colombo and Hambantota. (Ref: National Strategy for Sri Lanka Tourism-page no:21) As the war ended Sri Lanka has headed towards new markets like Israel, Japan, Middle-East and Russia other than their usual markets (Germany, France, India UK) (Ref: National Strategy for Sri Lanka Tourism-page no:22) There will be more opportuniti

The Lottery :: essays research papers

'Controversy and Conflict Hits the Lottery';   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The short story 'The Lottery'; by Shirley Jackson is very well known because of the tradition of the village. Tradition is a big point issued to the people throughout their lives. The title 'The Lottery'; sounds as if something good is being given away. As you know after reading the story, that isn't the case at all. The tradition the village faces is very controversial. The tradition of the lottery is taken in many different ways, because it is unexamined. In particular, the conflict of the story can be seen in the contrast between Old Man Warner and Tessie Hutchinson.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The lottery is an annual event which takes place in the village. It takes place on the day of June 27. Everybody gathers on this date in the middle of the square for the drawing of the lottery. To the townspeople this event is like any other event happening in their town, such as a dance, club, or even a holiday program.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Mr. Summers, the head of the lottery, has to gather the information of all the households the night before to make the list for the following day. He has to mix the papers up with the one with the black dot on it in the box. The head of the household picks the paper from the box to seen if their family drew the dot or not. This event takes just a few hours to accomplish. The losing family then has to draw to decide who will lose in the household. The person who draws the dot will then get stoned to death. This is a ritual for the townspeople each year.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  There are people who agree and disagree with this annual event. The older people in the town are accustomed to this event; therefore, it is easier for them to understand it. The others who disagree are the younger people in the town. The controversy of this annual event will always be their. There are people that will and will not get accustomed to someone dying each year in their town. I can see how people are upset with this tradition. It is not a tradition I would want my town to be known for. It is hard for people to grow into an event with such a dramatic ending. The people of the town who are accustomed to it are the older folks.

Proposal

Design requirements of an efficient solar thermal collector Incorporated Into excellent hot water systems: Detailed analysis of the irradiative and convective heat transfers Introduction: With the increasing problems associated with the fossil fuel related energy production, exploration and efficient utilization of renewable energy Is the key to have a sustainable energy future.Solar energy Is the main source of a clean and renewable energy, and collecting solar power as thermal energy Is becoming increasingly important especially at this time when there is increasing emphasis on enable energy and the cost of conventional power generation is increasing. Currently, solar thermal panels are becoming more and more popular because they can be placed on many buildings and common places, collecting and converting solar energy Into thermal energy, and supplying thermal energy through hot water systems.However, how to make solar energy collection and utilization more efficient is still a maj or problem. Literature Review: The solar thermal collector is the device that absorbs the incoming solar radiation, inverts it Into heat, and transfers this heat into fluid flowing through the collector. Thus, solar thermal collectors are special kind of heat exchangers that transform solar radiation energy to Internal energy of the transport medium. In recent years, many researches have been aimed to investigate and enhance the thermal efficiency of different kind of solar thermal collectors.Fernando-Garcia et al. Reviewed the parabolic-trough collectors and their Incorporation Into practical applications such as electricity generation and domestic hot water and space heating. Doughier et al. [2] researched the performance optimization of a solar water heater flat plate collector. Giuliani et al. Optimized solar water heating system through water replenishment. In addition, Caner et al. [4] used artificial neural network as a new method to conduct the thermal performance analysis s o as to obtain a more accurate result.Nonetheless, many questions remain unanswered. For example, incorporate an efficient solar thermal collector into existing hot water systems? What analyses should we do in order to design an efficient solar thermal collector? What approaches may we use for such analyses? Proposed Research: The Computational Fluid Dynamics (CUFF) has been applied to many practical engineering problems including CUFF modeling to analyses energy efficiency involving heat transfer, convection, thermal radiation and energy storage.CUFF related research projects being conducted by He's group across a broad selection of topics. For example, they reported that in the air conditioning industry chilled water storage systems are one form of cool thermal storage technology that can be used to time haft the electrical load of the system from the peak day periods to off peak night time periods[5]. Therefore, CUFF simulation and modeling should significantly help us finding an swers to the above questions and contributing to the improvement of the efficiency of solar energy collection, storage and utilization.As a senior student majoring in Thermal Energy and Power Engineering, I have a solid knowledge background on Heat Transfer, Thermodynamics, Fluid Mechanics, and CUFF. I have also had real world internships such that during my internship at XX, I acquired an amount of knowledge on the research of the solar water heater in buildings. In addition, the project XX that I am currently doing enables me to use CUFF well, and helps me understand the overall concept and process of how to conduct a research. Furthermore, I have communicated with XX, and has agreed to help me and guide me in my research project.The main objective of this proposed research is to evaluate the design requirements of an efficient solar thermal collector supported by detailed analysis of the irradiative and convective heat transfers. Detailed analyses of the irradiative and convectiv e heat transfers will be conducted, and the design requirements of an efficient solar thermal collector will be evaluated. With the results obtained through detailed analyses and evaluations, the research will aim to design, construct and test the requirements of efficient solar thermal collectors that are incorporated into existing hot water systems. Proposal Hotel International and the Roaring Dragon Hotel alma Student Sullivan university MGM 510 Executive Summary This proposal provides a roadman toward Improving communications between the Hotel International (HI), a global hotelier, and the management control of the Roaring Dragon Hotel (3RD), one of the original three-star hotels in southwest China and a state owned enterprise (Grainier, 2008).Failure to recognize cultural norms and the relationship between employees, customers, and contractors will result in dramatic failure of modernization and an effective business plan (Grainier, 2008). Introduction: Management Control Takeover The management control takeover of the Roaring Dragon Hotel (3RD). One of the original three-star hotels in southwest China had a direct impact on the hotel's employees, its popularity among current customers, and generating profit. 3RD is a state owned enterprise located in southwest China by Hotel International (HI), a global hotelier (Grainier, 2008).McNa lly (2011) observed, â€Å"Over the past thirty years China has witnessed a gradual transition towards a capitalist political economy with an emphasis on capital accumulation, market competition, and International economic Integration† (p. 1). Background: Deployment of corporate Governance and Global Marketing The provincial government was concerned that the hotel would not meet their potential and needed modernization. The current general manager, Titan Went, focused more on the security of its employees and not the hotel's profit margin.The state negotiated new management hoping to drive increased revenue (Grainier, 2008). Currently, the 3RD had a great reputation. â€Å"Since the early sass it had enjoyed a long, colorful history and reputation as the region's premium guesthouse† (Grainier, p. 1). Problem: Organizational culture There was a deep division separating the organization cultures of RED and HI. The HI business strategy and environment went against the cur rent guan-based or Influence-based organizational culture. Guan Is the Chinese word describing Chinese business.The culture at 3RD promoted social business relations, drinking and eating etiquette, exchanging gifts and donations for favors. RED employees have a strong psychological need associated with receiving and giving â€Å"perks† that is tied their self-identification. These interpersonal relationships with each other and customers are relatable to both partnerships and friendships (Yuan & Allele, 2007). In addition, 3RD employees were excited to work for the hotel because it showed they had achieved status based on the strength of their social connections.3RD was not as worried about the hotel's decline in popularity, revenue, or in delivering quality service standards. 3RD also had a long nepotistic history tied to the Guiana culture (Grainier, 2008). HI considered the networks of influence irrelevant and changed non-productive behaviors. New performance standards wer e enacted and employees unwilling to meet these new standards were fired. HI also began processing scheduled redundancy program. Once a place considered as secure employment, became uncertain and untrustworthy.This caused a deep division separating organizational cultures between RED and HI (Grainier, 2008). Another concern was the lose of important contracts. Nu If Travel was unsatisfied with the new pricing structures and canceled all future tours. This caused a reduction in revenue and also made competition look more favorable for unhappy employees. The conditions at 3RD continued to deteriorated with the loss of industry contacts and Guiana connections (Grainier, 2008).Opportunities: Satisfied Employees & Success HI has the business strategy to promote efficiency in the hotel's domestic management style and processes, thereby increasing income and popularity if they recognize the risk of alienating the current organizational culture. A healthy balance should be addressing all th e concerns from both parties (Grainier, 2008). Robertson wrote, â€Å"people form personal intentions to achieve a variety of desired outcomes, and are satisfied with their Job to the extent that they perceive these goals will be successfully attained† (2009).By improving communications, HI has the opportunity to promote efficiency and improve processes at 3RD with the help of the employees. Recommendation: Open Communications HI should give special consideration to address changes in culture and conditions within 3RD with open communications between HI management, 3RD employees, contractors, and the public (Grainier, 2008). Addressing concerns and anticipating current customers' needs and expectations will help the â€Å"gradual transition towards a capitalist political economy with an emphasis on capital accumulation, market competition, and international economic integration† (McNally, p. ). Communicate hanged, train new employees, inform contractors, and especially listen to your customers and the public (Grainier, 2008). Want, D (1999) asserted, â€Å"Guiana practices have played an important role in China's capitalist transition, making them an indispensable element of any conceptualization of Chinese capitalism† (as cited in McNally, p. 7). Friendship, trust, honesty, influences offer a more direct and open communication style. By nurturing relationships already established and identifying critical industry contacts, HI can positively establish themselves in the China market (McNally, 2011) (Grainier, 2008). Proposal They published their products in faceable and customer can order through sending message or phonically or else vaults the store. Is hassle for the customer to go their store especially if their house Is far from the store. It is not convenient to the customer to talk in phone to ask about the products and also it makes hassle to the owner to explain the product one by one. Imagine how many customer will call in one day to ask about the product so it's really makes hassle. The company need computerizing system in order to manage their time and also customer can read/view the product so they don't need to make a call to ask the owner to explain the product one by one.It also a big benefits to the store to Increase he sales. Through Online Ordering System it can minimize the time for the customer and the owner. Let organized and meet the needs of customers more efficiency and reliable. Customer can order anytime they want. Statement of the Problem The problem was lacking of online websi te system. The Barbara Pearl has no specific software that help customer In ordering through online _ The Barbara Pearl manage their business manually especially in taking customers order. More hassle to the customer to order especially if they are far from the store.Objectives of the Study To Increase speed of service, sales volume and customers satisfaction To enable customers to know the all beauty products of Barbara Pearl before ordering To increase level of accuracy To be able to stand out from competitors by automating daily operations which will give the beauty product providers the opportunity to increase sales To reduce time wasting by eliminating long queues To develop orders for faster and reliable transaction and process Significance of the Study This project is designed to provide an easy access of customers in getting their orders.The researchers will create an online Ordering system for Barbara Pearl Cosmetics that will help the company to increase more customers and make the procedure of ordering much easier. Scope and limitation of the Study Cosmetics since they are still using a manual system in their transactions, payments and even in generating reports. As for the Members, the system will provide an area wherein they can view and manage their orders. They can also request for tracking status provided that they purchased an item. Unlike the members, the guest can only browse the website but no transactions can be held unless they would register. Proposal This document is a proposal for the â€Å"Online Notice Board System† as a major project for my partial fulfillment of the course of Bachelors in Information Technology. The system will be a client-server model and also web-based to facilitate easy access to all clients regard less of where they are and also of the machines they are using. I will also try to integrate the system from the computer desktop program into a mobile application app such as Android and Windows mobile.A motherboard is a wooden or even metal boards where people can leave public assuages, e. G advertise things to buy or sell, events or even memos. My aim in this project is to ease and make information dissemination much easier in a paperless institution such as Await Tablet University College. I intend to focus on Await Tablet University College whereby the software will major be used for Administration purposes. It is intended to support the existing method by which notices and memos are posted in the U niversity environment. Many University and institutions, particularly UTC rely on the wooden motherboard hanging on a wall to display announcement, I. At the library, outside each hostel, at the department offices and also at the administration offices. Many students and staffs face the following problems: 1 . Struggle to check a sing notice board e. G Exam results 2. Destroyed memos and lot of information lost leaving many students uninformed 3. Unregulated display of information (any person can develop a memo and display on the notice board) This project looks at the above problems and try to come up with a solution.Develop a software with a client and server side so as to develop the digital notice board DON) program that will be installed in various computers that a re connected within the Local Area Network of the university compound so as to help spread the information displayed in the notice board faster. 1 . Check the current form of displaying information 2. Develop the Onl ine Notice Board for UTC 3. Test the program with real data. Has UTC implemented the system in its environment? Will UTC adopt the system being developed? How the system will be implemented. Feedback from students and staffs of UTC

Free Essays on Rainforest

The battle for the Amazon rainforest is a daunting task. It’s a long battle between miners, loggers, and developers against those who see the need to protect and save this crutial enviornment. The destruction affects lives, families, the economy, politics, and the environment amongst other things. The effects of the Amazon affects the entire world. Possible vaccines, medicine, animals and beautiful wildlife are all at risk. The environmental problems of today started a long time ago, before automobiles, electricity, and the Industrial Revolution. As population increased along with technology advances, more significant and widespread problems arose. The Amazon rainforest was not spared from this growth. The Amazon region has long been seen as a land of great riches. â€Å"Early Europeans and others have long been fascinated by the Amazon, with early visions of a land of gold, the legend of ‘El Dorado’† (Faminow 32). The European invasion bought with it the increased population and new technologies that had a drastic effect to the Amazonian region, which was once considered safe from exploitation. This problem has continued to the present, with higher consequences. Ehrlich explains, â€Å"today, unprecedented demands on the environment from a rapidly expanding human population and from advancing technology are causing a continuing and accelerated decline in the quality of the en vironment and it’s ability to sustain life† (98). As a result, the Amazon rainforest is being destroyed at an alarming rate, affecting all those that live in the region, and around the world. To help in the understanding of the vast changes in the rainforest, Howard Facklam has come up with some staggering statistics. He states, â€Å"it was estimated at one point in the 1980’s that the Amazon basin was being cleared at the rate of 50 acres a minute; another estimate put the rate at 78,000 square miles per year† (53). These are astronomical ... Free Essays on Rainforest Free Essays on Rainforest The battle for the Amazon rainforest is a daunting task. It’s a long battle between miners, loggers, and developers against those who see the need to protect and save this crutial enviornment. The destruction affects lives, families, the economy, politics, and the environment amongst other things. The effects of the Amazon affects the entire world. Possible vaccines, medicine, animals and beautiful wildlife are all at risk. The environmental problems of today started a long time ago, before automobiles, electricity, and the Industrial Revolution. As population increased along with technology advances, more significant and widespread problems arose. The Amazon rainforest was not spared from this growth. The Amazon region has long been seen as a land of great riches. â€Å"Early Europeans and others have long been fascinated by the Amazon, with early visions of a land of gold, the legend of ‘El Dorado’† (Faminow 32). The European invasion bought with it the increased population and new technologies that had a drastic effect to the Amazonian region, which was once considered safe from exploitation. This problem has continued to the present, with higher consequences. Ehrlich explains, â€Å"today, unprecedented demands on the environment from a rapidly expanding human population and from advancing technology are causing a continuing and accelerated decline in the quality of the en vironment and it’s ability to sustain life† (98). As a result, the Amazon rainforest is being destroyed at an alarming rate, affecting all those that live in the region, and around the world. To help in the understanding of the vast changes in the rainforest, Howard Facklam has come up with some staggering statistics. He states, â€Å"it was estimated at one point in the 1980’s that the Amazon basin was being cleared at the rate of 50 acres a minute; another estimate put the rate at 78,000 square miles per year† (53). These are astronomical ...

Wag the Dog essays

Wag the Dog essays Wag the Dog is a funny, but yet insightful movie, that provides a lot of insight into the world of politics. It provides remarkable resemblance to many events that has happened in this present time. This film touches on issues many aspects of the truth and the responsibilities we have as a society to insure that it is maintained. Wag The Dog demonstrates what kind of influences that politics, the media, and the entertainment world can have on public perceptions. The plot of the film consists of the U.S. President running for a second term. There is only 11 days before the presidential election and he is accused of being sexually involved with a Firefly Girl in the Oval Office. In order to protect his image and save face with the American population, White House aide Winifred Ames brings in a spin-doctor named Conrad Brean. Brean, know as Mr. Fixit who is masterminded a lot of covering up scandals, has a motto: to change the story, change the lead. To distract the press from the Firefly Girl scandal, he advises for the President to extend his trip in Asia in order to buy time to come up with a plan to take the media pressure off this scandal. Brean comes up with a phony international crisis with Albania. He brings in a Hollywood film director named Stanley Moss to produce the war by through the media in order to make it appear to be real. With many different tactics and lots of lies and deception, Bream and Moss achieve their goal of t aking the taking the attention off the Firefly Girl scandal and getting the President elected for a second term. Even thought this movie wasnt based on a true story, it addresses a lot of issues that often arises in politics as well as society as a whole. Wag the Dog, reflects how America has been susceptible to the mirage that leaders can hide themselves behind. The movie addresses numerous issues that exist in American society. ...

New Business Venture Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 6000 words

New Business Venture - Essay Example The development of such mindset is considered as essential for the overall development of an entrepreneurial personality so that the opportunities can be taken and transformed into successful businesses. Q#1 One of the critical aspects of entrepreneurs is their ability to take risk and most of the literature on the subject of entrepreneurship focused on making a distinction between those who are risk averse and who were risk lovers. This approach therefore highlighted entrepreneurs as someone with the ability to take on excessive risk as compared to the others. (Schwartz & Teach, 2000). This also suggested that the internal motivation, high energy as well as the higher tendency to take the risk as the main individual characteristic traits of the entrepreneurs which make them different from others. A closer analysis of the evolution of the research over the period of time would suggest that the entrepreneurs were typically characterized with the words such as risk bearing, innovation, initiative, source of formal authority, local of control as well as the tolerance for ambiguity. These characteristics therefore may indicate that the entrepreneurs are born rather than are being made. (Welsch, 2003). ... This question will therefore argue whether the entrepreneurs are made or born and why it is so or not. Entrepreneurship defined Before discussing and arguing whether entrepreneurs are born or developed, it is important to discuss what entrepreneurship is and how it emerges. It is critical to discuss that historically there has been confusion over the definition of entrepreneurship. This is also critical due to the fact that traditionally researchers argued that in order to discuss the subject it is critical that it must have a precise definition. Despite such emphasis on the definition, entrepreneurship is often viewed from different perspectives and including diverse range of subjects and themes. Themes such as social entrepreneurship, the relationship between women and entrepreneurship, immigrants and their new zeal for setting up the businesses have been extensively discussed by the researchers. (Berglund & Johansson, 2007). In its traditional sense, entrepreneurship is often conn ected with the idea of starting the new businesses and running them successfully. However, over the period of time, entrepreneurship has also emerged in the form of social as well as political frameworks. It is also now been discussed within the perspective of the large corporations when they spinoff their businesses and treat them as new and separate businesses. Thus today, entrepreneurships are not just limited to the new start up businesses but they encompass a variety of existing and new business ideas which are manifested into the reality through the careful application of the concepts of the entrepreneurship. Thus the entrepreneurship is

Buisness Economics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

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